Consumer Rights & Safety Education
Understanding recall classifications, your rights as a consumer, and how to take action
Understanding Recall Classifications
Recall severity classifications vary by agency. The classifications below describe how the FDA and USDA FSIS categorize recalls. CPSC and NHTSA use their own terminology. US Recall Registry presents the originating agency's classification without modification.
A situation in which there is a reasonable probability that the use of, or exposure to, a violative product will cause serious adverse health consequences or death.
Source: FDA recall classification definitions (21 CFR Part 7). USDA FSIS uses equivalent terminology for food safety recalls.
A situation in which use of, or exposure to, a violative product may cause temporary adverse health consequences or where the probability of serious adverse health consequences is remote.
Source: FDA recall classification definitions (21 CFR Part 7).
A situation in which use of, or exposure to, a violative product is not likely to cause any adverse health consequences.
Source: FDA recall classification definitions (21 CFR Part 7).
Consumer Rights & Remedies
When a product is recalled, consumers generally have the right to a remedy from the manufacturer or retailer. Common remedies include a full refund, a free repair, or a free replacement product. The specific remedy depends on the recall and the agency overseeing it.
For vehicle recalls under NHTSA, manufacturers are generally required by federal law to remedy safety defects at no charge to the owner. Consult the NHTSA recall notice for the specific remedy applicable to your vehicle.
For consumer product recalls under CPSC, the remedy is determined by the manufacturer and CPSC as part of the recall agreement. Remedies vary by recall.
How Recalls Work
Recalls can be initiated voluntarily by a manufacturer or distributor, or they can be requested or mandated by a federal regulatory agency. The process varies by agency and product type.
The FDA oversees recalls of food, drugs, cosmetics, medical devices, and other regulated products. The USDA FSIS oversees recalls of meat, poultry, and egg products. The CPSC oversees recalls of consumer products. NHTSA oversees recalls of motor vehicles, tires, and child safety seats.
Once a recall is issued, the manufacturer is typically responsible for notifying consumers and providing the remedy. Federal agencies monitor the recall process and may take enforcement action if a manufacturer does not comply.
Reporting an Unlisted Safety Issue
If you believe a product is unsafe but has not been recalled, you can report it directly to the appropriate federal agency. Reports from consumers are an important part of how agencies identify safety problems.